Vocab+4

Word Definition Synonyms Antonyms Etymology (merriam-webster.com dictionary.com) Memory aid Sentence: YOUR SENTENCE NEEDS TO HAVE A CLOSING PARTICIPLE (ex:The tightrope walker demonstrated glorious sangfroid, balancing atop a pit of vitriolic vipers and bombastic politicians and unctuous salepersons and jaded jewel thieves.) Pictures

Propensity Def: A natural inclination or predilection toward Syn: Natural bent, proclivity, penchant Ant: Natural incapacity or inability Ety: Latin propendere, meaning incline to, hang forward, weigh over MA: Props are used in theater, and you may have a propensity for theater S: Michael Phelps is a very good swimmer, having a propensity for the sport. David Lenahan

=
Etymology: Middle French or Latin; Middle French //inferer, // from Latin //inferre, // literally, to carry or bring into ======

Sentence: I watched the dark stormy clouds, inferring that there will soon be a storm.
Pictures:



Saida Gjinatori.

Word: Aura Definition: (n.) that which surrounds (as an atmosphere); a distinctive air or personal quality Synonyms: ambience, atmosphere Antonyms: n/a Etymology: 1859, "subtle emanation around living beings;" earlier "gentle breeze" (late 14c.), from L. aura "breeze, wind, air," from Gk. aura "breath, breeze," from PIE base *awer-. Memory Aid: it begins with a as and so does atmosphere. A synonym is ambience and when I think of ambience I think of a couple sitting down for dinner on valentine's day and the resturant has a certain "aura" to it   Sentence: When she walked in with her beaming smile, a certain aura filled the room. Sierra Burleson

reverberate (v.) meaning: to re-echo, resound; to reflect or be reflected repeatedly syn: rumble, thunder, boom, echo etmology: Latin //reverberatus,// past participle of //reverberare,// from //re-// + //verberare// to lash, from //verber// rod -- more at [|VERVAIN] Date: 15th century Memory Aid: berate is in the word, so when you're berating someone, it's so loud that it echos off the wallls. OR, if you can't remember the word berate, then verb means word in Latin and when you say words on a cliff of something, it echos. Sentence: The miniscule-brained meerkeat was very confused when his various screeches reverberated, echoing off all the distant cliffs.

Insular (adj.)

Definition: relating to, characteristic of, or situated on an island; narrow or isolated in outlook or experience

Synonyms: narrow-minded, parochial, provincial

Antonyms: catholic, cosmopolitan, liberal

Etymology: 1611, "of or pertaining to an island," from L.L. insularis, from L. insula "island"

Memory Aid: Insular looks like insulation, which you would need for your shelter if you were stranded on an island.

Sentence: The ship-wrecked saxophonist, Roland, found himself alone and miserable, roaming an insular habitat in the middle of the broad Pacific.

Picture:



Harry Konangi

 amorphous (adj.) shapeless, without definite form; of no particular type or character; without character, unity or cohesion formless, unstructured, nebulous, inchoate definite, well-defined, clear-cut from Greek "amorphos", first known use in 1731 "morph" is in the word and if you were to morph a piece of clay, it would be amorphous; also,"amor" is in the beginning of the word, and everyone loves the little green man in the movie "Flubber", who is very amorphous The purple amoeba on my petry dish was moving in a very amorphous way, streching in every direction.  Lydia Bednarski

Word:inscrutable Definition:incapable of being understood:impossible to see through physically Synonyms: impenetrable,incomprehensible,enigmatic Antonyms:comprehensible,intelligible, penetrable Etymology: Middle English, from Late Latin //inscrutabilis,// from Latin //in-// + //scrutari// to search Memory aid:Uh…ok..If you don’t understand the directions given to you, then you won't know how to fix the table by using a screw Sentence: He talked about things that were inscrutable, blabbing on and on all day about practically nothing. Pictures: Catherine Hall

Repudiate (v.)

Definition: to disown, reject, or deny the validity of.

Synonyms: disavow, abjure, renounce

Antonyms: avow, afirm, aver, avouch

Etymology: 1540s, "to cast off by divorce," from adj. meaning "divorced, rejected, condemned" (mid-15c.), from L. repudiatus, pp. of repudiare "to divorce or reject," from repudium "divorce, rejection," from re- "back, away" + pudium, probably related to pes-/ped- "foot." The original notion may be of kicking something away, but folk etymology commonly connects it with pudere "cause shame to." Of opinions, conduct, etc., attested from 1824. Related: Repudiated ; repudiating.

Memory Aid: The word repudiate starts with the letters rep, the word reprimand also begins with the same three letters. Think of being disowned as a reprimand for bad behavior.

Sentence: You will be repudiated, was the exclamation being screamed to the boy by an angry father, yelling and smashing things as he reprimanded his son for attending the party.

Pictures: she is repudiating her boy friend  <span class="rg_ctlv">this poster repudiates Columbus's discovery

<span class="rg_ctlv">Zeph Sawyer

__Word: Contraband (n.) (adj.)__ __Definition: (n.) <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; cursor: default; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static;">anything prohibited <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static;">by law from being imported or <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; cursor: default; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static;">exported., illegal or prohibited <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static;">trade; <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; cursor: default; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static;">smuggling. (adj.) prohibited <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static;">from export <span style="color: #333333; cursor: default; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static;">or <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; cursor: default; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static;">import. __ __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; cursor: default; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static;">Syn: banned, forbidden, illegal, illicit, smuggled __ __<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; cursor: default; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static;">Ant: allowed, lawful, legal __ __<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; line-height: 16px;">Et: <span class="rom-inline" style="color: #333333; display: inline; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; cursor: default; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static;">1520 30; <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; cursor: default; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static;">earlier <span class="ital-inline" style="color: #333333; display: inline; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','Lucida Grande',Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">//<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static;">contrabanda // <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static;">< <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static;">Sp < <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static;">It  <span class="ital-inline" style="color: #333333; display: inline; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','Lucida Grande',Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">//<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static;">contrabando // <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static;">(now <span class="ital-inline" style="color: #333333; display: inline; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','Lucida Grande',Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">//<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; cursor: default; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static;">contrabbando // <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static;">), <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; cursor: default; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static;">equiv. <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static;">to <span class="ital-inline" style="color: #333333; display: inline; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','Lucida Grande',Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">//<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; cursor: default; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static;">contra- // <span class="sc" style="color: #333333; display: inline; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; font-variant: small-caps; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; cursor: default; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static;">contra- <span style="background-color: transparent; bottom: 1ex; color: #333333; cursor: default; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; height: 0px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline;">1  <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static;">+ <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static;">ML  <span class="ital-inline" style="color: #333333; display: inline; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','Lucida Grande',Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">//<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static;">bandum, // <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static;">var.of <span class="ital-inline" style="color: #333333; display: inline; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS','Lucida Grande',Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">//<span style="color: #333333; cursor: default; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static;">bannum //  __<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">[|ban] <span style="background-color: transparent; bottom: 1ex; color: #333333; cursor: default; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; height: 0px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline;">2 __ Memory Aid: In contraband, you see "band" which sounds like "banned" which is the deffinition. __ __ Sentence: The man possessed enough contraband to get him in jail for 35 years. __ __ Pictures: __



__Mina Cheriki ^^^^__

__Irrevocable__ __Definition: incapable of being changed or called back__ __Synonyms: irreversible, unrecallable, unalterable__ __Antonyms: reversible, changeable__ __Etymology: also //irrevokable//, late 14c., from L. //irrevocabilis// "that cannot be recalled," from //in-// "not" + //revocabilis// (see [|**//revoke//**]). Related: //Irrevocably// .__ __Memory Aid: "ir" means not and "voc" is like vocal and "able" is a verb so something that is said can't be taken back__ __Sentence: The malicious gossip she started was irrevocable, having been heard by the entire student body at an assembly.__ __Pictures:__

__querulous__ __peevish, complaining, fretful__ __s: petulant, touchy, cranky, irritable__ __a: uncomplaining, stoical, serene, placid__ __ et: from Latin // querulus //from //querī// to complain __ __ memory: querulous looks and sounds like quarrel, which is to argue and a lot of times when people are arguing __ __one of them is complaining about something or irritating the other__ __sentence: The querulous child complained during the entire car ride, complaining about how long it was.__ __pictures:__ <span class="rg_ctlv"> <span class="rg_ctlv"> __<span class="rg_ctlv">Cara Mitchell __

__<span class="rg_ctlv">Erudite __ __<span class="rg_ctlv">(adj.) scholarly, learned, bookish, pedantic __ __<span class="rg_ctlv">syn- profoundly educated, well-read __ __<span class="rg_ctlv">ant- ignorant, uneducated, illiterate __ __<span class="rg_ctlv">etym- early 15c., from L. eruditus, pp. of erudire "to educate, teach, instruct, polish," lit. "to bring out of the rough,"__ __memory- there is a "ud" in the middle of this word and a "ud" in the middle of study__ __sentence- The erudite boys study all the time, sitting at home and reading their note cards.__ __picture-__



__Word: Resilient__ __Definition: (adj.) able to return to an original shape or form; able to recover quickly__ __Synonyms: springy, elastic, buoyant, bouncy__ __Antonyms: rigid, stiff, inflexible, unyielding__ __ET: 1635–45;  < L // resilient- // (s. of // resiliēns // ), prp. of // resilīre // to spring back __ __ Memory Aid: it has the prefix RE and it means for soething to REcover its shape. __ __ Sentence: The resilient rubber band always recovered its shape, returning to a circle despite what it goes through. __ __ Pictures: __ __ Adam Smith __

__Scurrilous__ __Definition__: (adj.) coarsely abusive, vulgar or low (especially in language), foul-mouthed. __Synonyms__: obscene, filthy, abusive, vituperative __Antonyms__: decorous, seemly, tasteful, dignified __Etymology__: from scurrile "coarsely joking" (c.1500, implied in scurrility), from L. scurrilis "buffoonlike," from scurra "fashionable city idler," later "buffoon." __Memory aid__: If someone has scurrilous language, people are likely to scurry away from them. __Sentence__: The outspoken town meeting attendent voiced his opinions in a scurrilous way, offending everybody there and eventually causing his own exclusion from future meetings. __Pictures__: Alec Temes

Sedulous (adj.)

persistent, showing industry and determination

assiduous, tireless, indefatigable

lackadaisical, listless, indolent, otiose

Latin //sedulus,// from //sedulo// sincerely, diligently, from //sed-, se// without + //dolus// guile First Known Use: 1540 1). The word sed in spanish means thirst so I think of someone with an undying thirst for something or to do something.

In order to become the very best, the sedulous Ash Ketchum devoted his entire life to Pokemon, catching them, training them, battling them, and evolving them till he become the very best, like no one ever was.





Blake Williams

Sleazy Definintion- thin or flimsy in texture; cheap; shoddy or inferior in quality or character; ethically low, mean, or disreputable. Syn- Inferior, cheesy, tawdry, tatty. Ant- superior, first- rate, quality, sturdy. Etymology- origin is unknown; first known use was around 1645. Memory Aid- sleazy people make you queasy. (queasy and sleazy rhyme) Sentence- The sleazy man downtown ripped us off, selling us fake tickets to the basketball game. Pictures-

Sarah Yannie

Word:Aggrandize Definition : To increase in greatness, power or wealth; to build up or intensity, to make appear greater Synonyms : augment, amplify,enhance, exalt Antonyms: reduce, decrease,diminish Etymology : Latin a- 'from' + grandir 'to increase' Memory Aid: "grand" which means stately, or magnificent so, you want to make something more grand...you want to aggrandize it Sentence: I was able to aggrandize my house, aggrandizing every room in every way possible.

Marisa Arancibia



<span style="color: #6819d7; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Gossamer <span style="color: #6819d7; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Def- (Adj) Thin, light, delicate, insubstantial. (n) thin, light cloth. <span style="color: #6819d7; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Syn- filmy, diaphanous, sheer, airy, feathery, gauzy <span style="color: #6819d7; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Ant- thick, dense, solid, massive <span style="color: #6819d7; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Ety- 1275–1325; ME gosesomer ( see [|goose], [|summer]1 ); possibly first used as name for late, mild autumn, a time when goose was a favorite dish (cf. G Gänsemonat November), then transferred to the cobwebs frequent at that time of year. <span style="color: #6819d7; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Mem- GOSSamer as in gauze, which is thin. gosSAMER as in summer, as in wearing thin clothes. <span style="color: #6819d7; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Sent- The gossamer cobweb barely stayed in one piece, swaying violently in the rough winds of winter.

<span style="color: #6819d7; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Oriana Fleming :)

Affable Courteous and pleasant, sociable, easy to speak to   Genial, amicable, agreeable, cordial Surly, cantankerous, dour, inhospitable Middle English // affabyl, // from Anglo-French, from Latin // affabilis // // If someone is affable, then they will likely be “laffable”  // // The person talked to me, telling me that I was very affable and that he wanted to be my friend. //  Ian Adams