Vocab+Ch.+7

Word Definition Synonyms Antonyms Etymology (merriam-webster.com dictionary.com) Memory aid Sentence: Use a core specific absolute phrase: The penguin waddled across the ice, his stubby wings flapping, his eyes watering because, in Antarctica, he cannot purchase any Justin Bieber songs. Pictures

Mitigate Def: To make milder or softer, to moderate in force or intensity Syn: Lessen, relieve, alleviate, diminish Ant: Aggravate, intensify, irritate, exacerbate Ety: From Latin mitigatus, past participle of mitigare meaning to soften MA: If you are running and there is a gate in the way, you will have to mitigate your speed to open it. S: Ron complimented Hermione, his words mitigating her anger at him. David Lenahan

pillage to rob of goods by open force (as in war), plunder; the act of looting ravage, sack, loot, booty n/a 1350–1400; ME pilage ( see [|pill] 3, [|-age] ), modeled on MF pillage (deriv. of  piller  to pillage, orig., to abuse, mistreat, tear, of uncert. orig.) pillage starts with a pi, like pirate and pirates pillage things The pirate sailed across the ocean, his sails flapping in the wind, anger in his eyes because, in the Mediterranean, he is unable to pillage treasure.   Cara Mitchell

**Disconcert ** Definition: to confuse; to disturb the composure of Synonyms: upset, rattle, ruffle, faze, perturb Antonyms: relax, calm, put at ease Etymology: obsolete French //disconcerter, // alteration of Middle French //desconcerter, // from //des- // dis- + //concerter // to concert. Memory aid: Picture someone very bored/mad at a concert, so they would be **dis**sing the **concert**. Sentence: Amy tossed her phone on the couch, her nourished hands shaking tremendously.   <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Bright','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Saida Gjinatori.

<span style="font-family: 'Lucida Bright','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Prate(v) <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Bright','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Def- to talk a great deal in a foolish or aimless fashion <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Bright','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Syn- chatter, prattle, blab, palaver <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Bright','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Ant- come to the point, not waste words <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Bright','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Ety- early 15c., from M.Du. //praten// "to prate" (c.1400), from a W.Gmc. imitative root (cf. M.L.G. //praten//, M.H.G. //braten// , Swed. //prata// "to talk, chatter"). <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Bright','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">MA- the synonym prattle reminds me of chatter which is to talk a lot <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Bright','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Sent- The teenage girl prated on, her words falling out of her mouth without any meaning or intention. <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Bright','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Bright','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Bright','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Isabella Perry-Moore

Austere Severe or stern in manner; without adornment or luxury, simple, plain; harsh or sour in flavor Forbidding, rigorous, puritanical, ascetic, unadorned, subdued Mild, indulgent, luxurious, flamboyant Middle English, from Anglo-French, from Latin //austerus,// from Greek //austēros// harsh, severe Has letters STER like stern; has “steer” in it…you have to be stern when you are steering a big car The austere teacher yelled at the student for being late to class, her spit flying from her mouth as she severely told the child to always be on time.

<span style="font-family: 'Lucida Bright','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">

Ian Adams

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Inconsequential (adj.) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Definition: trifling, unimportant <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Synonyms: trivial, negligible, petty, paltry <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Antonyms: important, essential, crucial, vital <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Etymology: "not worth noticing," 1782; see [|inconsequent]. 1570s, "not following as a logical conclusion," from L. inconsequentem (nom. inconsequens ) "not logically connected," from in- "not" + consequens, pp. of consequi "to follow" (see [|consequence]). <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Memory Aid: Inconsequential means that something is unimportant, and that it does not have any consequences. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Sentence: Isaac, a notorious penny-pincher, stuffed his bloated wallet with inconsequential pennies, his pants sagging with the weight of the coinage.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Pictures:



Harry Konangi

Infraction Definition: (n) a breaking of a law or obligation Synonyms: violation, transgression, breach, offense Antonyms: N/A Etymology: mid-15c., from L. //infractionem// (nom. //infractio// ) "a breaking," noun of action from pp. stem of //infringere// Memory Aid: contains the word "fraction" and fractions break numbers into many parts so and infraction breaks rules Sentence: The stout, greasy man's infraction sent him to jail, his mind reeling while being dragged away with thoughts of what other banks he could rob when his sentence was overturned. Concoct Definition: (v) to prepare by combining ingredients, make up (as a dish); to devise, invent, fabricate Synonyms: create, fashion, rustle up Antonyms: n/a Etymology: 1530s, from L. concoctus, pp. of concoquere "to boil together, prepare," from com- "together" + coquere "to cook" (see [|__cook__] (n.)). First expanded metaphorically beyond cooking 1792. Memory Aid: con means with so if you are concocting something you are mixing ingredients with each other Sentence: Lulu galloped home, her cracked and cadaverous fingers soon clutching her new blender with which she craved to concoct a poisonous brew to undermine the queen of the toads that was ransacking her kingdom.

. ﻿Sierra Burleson

_

__Word: Crass (adj.)__ __Definition: Without refinement, delicacy, or sensitivity.__ __Syn: Dull, boorish, oafish, indelicate__ __Ant: --__ __Etymology: 1535-45 ; middle french //crassus// meaning thick, dense, fat, or heavy.__ __Memory Aid: Crass sounds like grass, and you could think of a thick, dense lawn.__ __Sentence: The woman thought with all her might, steam slowly seeping from her ears, to this difficult question, her answer was quite crass.__

__Mina Cheriki__ ___

Word: Grandiose Definition: grand in an impressive or stately way; marked by pompous affectation or grandeur, absurdly exaggerated Synonyms: majestic, bombastic, highfalutin Antonyms: simple, modest, unaffected, humble Etymology: French, from Italian //grandioso,// from //grande// great, from Latin //grandis// First Known Use: 1838 Memory aid: If something is grand it is usually big and awesome, also grande in French means big Sentence: The decorated and elegant Château de Chambord is grandiose, its 365 fireplaces burning, one for each day of the year.

Pictures:

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">cadaverous (adj.) <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">pale, gaunt, resembling a corpse <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">corpselike, wasted, haggard, emaciated, ghastly <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">robust, portly, rosy, the picture of health <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">first known use: 1627; from Latin "cadaverosus", from cadaver (corpse-like) <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">"cadaverous" starts with a "c", like corpse; "dave" is in the word so you could think that a guy named Dave looks cadaverous <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Allie's skin turned a cadaverous shade of white, her hands shaking after seeing the ghost pass through the wall of the dark attic. <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Lydia Bednarski

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Vulnerable <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Definition- open to attack; capable of being wounded or damaged; unprotected. <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Syn- defenseless, exposed, unguarded <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Ant- invincible, protected, safe, secure <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Etymology- comes from the Latin word "vulnerare" which means 'to wound'. <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Memory Aid- the word 'vulnerable' has 'able' in it, so you could think- something or someone would be 'able' to be hurt in they were vulnerable. (a bit of a stretch, I know) <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Sentence- The vulnerable stray kitten wandered the streets of New York City, whiskers shaking from the cold wind. <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Picture- <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Sarah Yannie

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">WORD: Beneficent <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">DEFINITION: (Adj.) performing acts of kindness or cha<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">rity; conferring benefits, doing good <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">SYNONYMS: Humanitarian, magnanimous, charitable <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">ANTONYMS: Selfish, cruel, harmful, deleterious <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">ETYMOLOGY: 1610s, "doing good, charitable," from Latin 'beneficenter', comp. of beneficus "generous, kind " <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">MEMORY AID: The beginning "bene" means good, so u can remember it that way, or if that doesn't help, the the dog food "beneful" sounds similar and its good for dogs... <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">SENTENCE: The beneficent social worker took the child's hand while crossing the street, her eyes twinkling kindly.

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> <span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">MARISA ARANCIBIA

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">reprove (v.) <span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">definition- to find fault with, scold, rebuke <span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">synonyms- chide, chastise, upbraid, reproach <span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">antonyms- praise, commend, laud, pat on the back <span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">etymology-c.1300, from O.Fr. //reprover,// from L.L. //reprobare// "disapprove, reject, condemn" <span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">memory aid-when you find fault with someone, you try to PROVE them wrong. The word prove is in reprove. <span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Sentence-The mother pulled her mischievous son by the ear, her voice booming as she reproved him fervently.

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> <span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">^ I always find those...

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Claire Stemen

<span style="color: #bc00ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 110%;">Desecrate (v) <span style="color: #bc00ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 110%;">Def- to commit sacrilege upon, treat irreverently; to contaminate, pollute. <span style="color: #bc00ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 110%;">Syn- profane, defile, violate <span style="color: #bc00ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 110%;">Ant- revere, honor, venerate, consecrate <span style="color: #bc00ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 110%;">Ety-1674, formed from de- "do the opposite of" + (con)secrate. O.Fr. had dessacrer "to profane, " and there is a similar formation in It.; but L. desecrare meant "to make holy," with de- in this case having a completive sense. <-Contradictory.

<span style="color: #bc00ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 110%;">Mem Aid- DESecrate also starts DEStroy, and deSECRATE sounds like secret or sacred, so if you desecrate something sacred, you destroy it. Also, if you add -ify to it, it would be desecratify, which sounds like de-sacredify, and if you de-sacredify something, you make it un-sacred. <span style="color: #bc00ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 110%;">Sent- Winston desecrated his vows to the Party, his brain uncontrollably c <span style="color: #bc00ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">rushing Big Brother, though his actions revealed no betrayal. <span style="color: #bc00ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="color: #bc00ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Oriana Fleming

Word: Redoubtable Def: (Adj.) inspiring fear or awe; illustrious, eminent Syn: formidtable, fearsome, awesome, august Ant; laughable, risible, contemptible ET: 1325–75;  ME // redoutable // < MF, equiv. to //redout// ( //er// ) to fear ( //re-// [|re-] + //douter// to fear, [|doubt] ) + //-able// [|-able] Mem: it has the word boubt in it, and if you doubt something you fear it not to be true Sen: The redoubtable Godzilla crushed Tokyo, his massive foot demolishing buildings with every step. Pics: Adam Smith

Stalwart (adj.) (n.) (adj.)- strong and sturdy ; brave ; resolute (n.)- a brave, strong person; a strong supporter; one who takes an uncompromising position (adj)-sturdy, stout, intrepid, valiant (n.)- mainstay (adj.)- weak infirm, irresolute, vacillating Middle English, alteration of // stalworth, //  from Old English  // stæ //  ̄  // l wierthe //  serviceable First Known Use: 15th century The stalwart knight guarded the castle’s wall, his eyes searching for any movement and his ears listening for any sound.
 * 1) You could think of a wart as stalwart because they are hard to remove
 * 2) I think of the word wall when I hear stalwart because of the alw



Blake Big Brother Williams
<span style="color: #bc00ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden;">